Solaris Zones CBT Notes

###Solaris Zones###

Features:

1. Virtualization - i.e. VMWare

2. Solaris Zones can host only instances of Solaris. Not other OSs.

3. Limit of 8192 zones per Solaris host

4. Primary zone (global) has access to ALL zones

5. Non-global zones, do NOT have access to other non-global zone

6. Default non-global zones derive packages from global zone

7. Program isolation - zone1(Apache), zone2(MySQL)

8. Provides 'z' commands to manage zones: zlogin, zonename, zoneadm, zonecfg

###Features of Global Zone###

1. Solaris ALWAYS boots(cold/warm) to the global zone

2. Knows about ALL hardware devices attached to the system

3. Knows about ALL non-global zones

###Features of NON-GLOBAL zones###

1. Installed at a location on the filesystem of the GLOBAL zone 'zone root path' /export/home/zones/{zone1,zone2,zone3,...}

2. Share packages with GLOBAL zone

3. Manage distinct hostname and tables files

4. Cannot communicate with other non-global zones by default. NIC must be used, which means, use standard network AIP (TCP)

5. GLOBAL zone admin can delegate non-global zone administration

###Zone Configuration###

Use: zonecfg - to configure zones

Note: zonecfg can be run: interactively, non-interactively, command-file modes

Requirements for non-global zones:

1. hostaname

2. zone root path. i.e /export/home/zones/testzone1

3. IP address - bound to logical or physical interface

Zone Types:

1. Sparses Root Zones - share key files with global zone

2. Whole Root Zones - require more storage

Steps for configuring non-global zone:

1. mkdir /export/home/zones/testzone1 && chmod 700 /export/home/zones/testzone1

2. zonecfg -z testzone1 <-- interactive mode

3. execute create

4. set zonepath=/export/home/zones/testzone1 - sets root of zone

5. add net; set address=192.168.1.60

6. set physical-e1000g0

7. (optional) set autoboot=true - testzone1 will be started when system boots

8. (optional) add attr; set name=comment;set type=string;set value="TestZone1"

9. verify zone - verifies zone for errors

10. commit changes - commit

11. Zone Installation - zoneadm -z testzone1 install - places zone, 'testzone1' into 'installed' state. NOT ready for production.

12.zoneadm -z testzone1 boot - boots the zone, changing it's state.

###Zlogin -is used to login to zones###

Note: each non-global zone maintains a console. Use 'zlogin -C zonename' afte installing zone to complete zone configuration

Note: Zlogin permits login to non-global zone via the following:

1. Interactive - i.e. zlogin -ll username zonename

2. Non-intractive - zlogin options command

3. Console mode - zlogin -C zonename

4. Safe mode - zlogin -S

zoneadm -z testzone1 reboot - reboots the zone

zlogin testzone1 shutdown - shutdowns the zone

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